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1 Zeppelin, Count Ferdinand von
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 8 July 1838 Konstanz, Germanyd. 8 March 1917 Berlin, Germany[br]German designer of rigid airships, which became known as Zeppelins.[br]Zeppelin served in the German Army and retired with the rank of General in 1890. While in the army, he was impressed by the use of balloons in the American Civil War and during the Siege of Paris. By the time he retired, non-rigid airships were just beginning to make their mark. Zeppelin decided to build an airship with a rigid framework to support the gas bags. Plans were drawn up in 1893 with the assistance of Theodore Kober, an engineer, but the idea was rejected by the authorities. A company was founded in 1898 and construction began. The Luftschiff Zeppelin No. 1 (LZ1) made its first flight on 2 July 1900. Modifications were needed and the second flight took place in October. A reporter called Hugo Eckener covered this and later flights: his comments and suggestions so impressed Zeppelin that Eckener eventually became his partner, publicist, fund-raiser and pilot.The performance of the subsequent Zeppelins gradually improved, but there was limited military interest. In November 1909 a company with the abbreviated name DELAG was founded to operate passenger-carrying Zeppelins. The service was opened by LZ 7 Deutschland in mid-June 1910, and the initial network of Frankfurt, Baden- Baden and Düsseldorf was expanded. Eckener became a very efficient Director of Flight Operations, and by the outbreak of war in 1914 some 35,000 passengers had been carried without any fatalities. During the First World War many Zeppelins were built and they carried out air-raids on Britain. Despite their menacing reputation, they were very vulnerable to attack by fighters. Zeppelin, now in his seventies, turned his attention to large bombers, following the success of Sikorsky's Grand, but he died in 1917. Eckener continued to instruct crews and improve the Zeppelin designs. When the war ended Eckener arranged to supply the Americans with an airship as part of German reparations: this became the Los Angeles. In 1928 a huge new airship, the Graf Zeppelin, was completed and Eckener took command. He took the Graf Zeppelin on many successful flights, including a voyage around the world in 1929.[br]Bibliography1908, Erfahrungen beim Bau von Luftschiffen, Berlin. 1908, Die Eroberung der Luft, Stuttgart.Further ReadingThere are many books on the history of airships, and on Graf von Zeppelin in particular. Of note are: H.Eckener, 1938, Count Zeppelin: The Man and His Work, London.——1958, My Zeppelins, London.P.W.Brooks, 1992, Zeppelin: Rigid Airships 1893–1940, London.T.Nielson, 1955, The Zeppelin Story: The Life of Hugo Eckener, English edn, London (written as a novel in direct speech).M.Goldsmith, 1931, Zeppelin: A Biography, New York.W.R.Nitshe, 1977, The Zeppelin Story, New York.F.Gütschow, 1985, Das Luftschiff, Stuttgart (a record of all the airships).JDSBiographical history of technology > Zeppelin, Count Ferdinand von
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2 zeppelin
m.Zeppelin, Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin.* * *[sepe'lin, θepe'lin]zepelín masculino zeppelin, airship* * *[sepe'lin, θepe'lin]zepelín masculino zeppelin, airship* * */sepeˈlin, θepeˈlin/,zeppelin, airship* * *
zeppelin /sepe'lin/, /θepe'lin/,◊ zepelín sustantivo masculino
zeppelin, airship
' zeppelin' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
zepelín
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3 Fernando Zeppelin
m.Ferdinand von Zeppelin, Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin, Zeppelin. -
4 Aerospace
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Caproni, Giovanni BattistaDassault, MarcelGiffard, Baptiste Henry JacquesJohnson, Clarence LeonardKorolov, Sergei PavlovichSopwith, Sir Thomas Octave MurdochTsiolkovsky, Konstantin Eduardovich -
5 Flügge-Lotz, Irmgard
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 1903 Germanyd. 1974 USA[br]German/American aeronautical engineer, specializing inflight control.[br]Both her father, a mathematician, and her mother encouraged Flügge-Lotz in her desire, unusual for a woman at that time, for a technical education. Her interest in aeronautics was awakened when she was a child, by seeing zeppelins (see Zeppelin, Ferdinand, Count von) being tested. In 1923 she entered the Technische Hochschule in Hannover to study engineering, specializing in aeronautics; she was often the only woman in the class. She obtained her doctorate in 1929 and began working in aeronautics. Two years later she derived the Lotz Method for calculating the distribution in aircraft wings of different shapes, which became widely used. Later, Flügge-Lotz took up an interest in automatic flight control of aircraft, notably of the discontinuous or "on-off" type. These were simple in design, inexpensive to manufacture and reliable in operation. By 1928 she had risen to the position of head of the Department of Theoretical Aerodynamics at Göttingen University, but she and her husband, Wilhelm Flügge, an engineering academic known for his anti-Nazi views, felt themselves increasingly discriminated against by the Hitler regime. In 1948 they emigrated to the USA, where Flügge was soon offered a professorship in engineering, while his wife had at first to make do with a lectureship. But her distinguished work eventually earned her appointment as the first woman full professor in the Engineering Department at Stanford University.She later extended her work on automatic flight control to the guidance of rockets and missiles, earning herself the description "a female Werner von Braun ".[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsSociety of Women Engineers Achievement Award 1970. Fellow, Institution of Aeronautics and Astronautics.BibliographyFlügge-Lotz was the author of two books on automatic control and over fifty scientific papers.Further ReadingA.Stanley, 1993, Mothers and Daughters of Invention, Meruchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, pp. 899–901.LRD
См. также в других словарях:
Zeppelin,Count Ferdinand von — Zep·pe·lin (zĕpʹə lĭn, zĕpʹlĭn, tsĕp ə lēnʹ), Count Ferdinand von. 1838 1917. German inventor who designed and manufactured the first motorized, rigid frame dirigible balloon (1900). * * * … Universalium
Ferdinand von Zeppelin — For other uses, see Graf Zeppelin (disambiguation). Ferdinand Adolf Heinrich August Graf von Zeppelin Ferdinand von Zeppelin … Wikipedia
Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin — noun German inventor who designed and built the first rigid motorized dirigible (1838 1917) • Syn: ↑Zeppelin • Instance Hypernyms: ↑inventor, ↑discoverer, ↑artificer … Useful english dictionary
zeppelin — (n.) 1900, from Ger. Zeppelin, short for Zeppelinschiff Zeppelin ship, after Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin (1838 1917), German general who perfected its design … Etymology dictionary
zeppelin — [zep′ə lin, zep′lin] n. [after Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin (1838 1917), Ger general who designed the original] [often Z ] any rigid airship: commonly used from 1900 to 1937 … English World dictionary
Zeppelin — A Zeppelin is a type of rigid airship pioneered by the German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin in the early 20th century, based on designs he had outlined in 1874, [Eckener 1938. pages 155 157] designs he had detailed in 1893, and that were reviewed… … Wikipedia
Zeppelin — /tsep euh leen , tsep euh leen /; Eng. /zep euh lin/, n. Count Ferdinand von /ferdd di nahnt feuhn/, 1838 1917, German general and aeronaut: designer and manufacturer of the zeppelin. * * * Rigid airship of a type designed by the German builder… … Universalium
Zeppelin — The zeppelin, long and cylindrical, was a majestic sight in the air, but a catastrophic sight when it fell and burned with a great loss of life. The zeppelin s creator was Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin (1838 1917), a German army officer who… … Dictionary of eponyms
zeppelin — noun Etymology: Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin Date: 1900 a rigid airship consisting of a cylindrical trussed and covered frame supported by internal gas cells; broadly airship … New Collegiate Dictionary
zeppelin — zep|pe|lin [ˈzepəlın] n [Date: 1900 2000; Origin: Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin (1838 1917), German soldier who invented it] a German ↑airship used in World War I … Dictionary of contemporary English
Zeppelin — zep·pe·lin || zepÉ™lɪn n. family name; Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin (1838 1917), German army officer, developer of the first rigid airship in 1900 … English contemporary dictionary